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VISUALIZING THE
ATOM
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The Hydrogen
Atom with Cutout Slice
H_Atom_Cutout_Slice.avi
The bound electron exists as a two-dimensional spherical shell of moving
charge called the orbitsphere. It symmetrically surrounds the proton. It
is nonradiative according to Maxwell’s Equations.
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Hydrogen Molecule Charge Density
Plot with Cutout Slice
H_Molecule.avi
The hydrogen molecule is an orbitsphere in prolate spheroidal
coordinates, completely surrounding the protons. It has a charge/current
density distribution that is highest at the ends.
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Below: Excited
states are surface charge density waves which travel harmonically on the
surface.
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Px or Py
Surface Charge-Density Wave (Orbital)
P_Orbital_HighRes.avi
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Dx^2-y^2
Surface Charge-Density Wave (Orbital)
Dx2_y2_Orbital_HighRes.avi
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Dxz or Dyz
Surface Charge-Density Wave (Orbital)
Dxz_yz_Orbital_HighRes.avi
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Larmor
Precession of a Hydrogen Atom in a Magnetic Field
LarmorPrecession.avi
Note that the rotation of the atom is several orders of magnitude faster
than its Larmor revolution.
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GENERATING THE
ORBITSPHERE CURRENT PATTERN
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Below: Pairs of
current loops rotated about an axis to generate each component.
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First Set of Current
Loops
BlueSpinningLoops.avi
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Second Set of
Current Loops
RedSpinningLoops.avi
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Below: Rotating
viewpoints of the current patterns formed by rotating two current loops
about an axis. The components are steps in the generation of the
orbitsphere.
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Component One
of the Orbitsphere Current-Vector Field
Component_1.avi
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Component Two
of the Orbitsphere Current-Vector Field
Component_2.avi
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Below: Motion
of current on the surface of each component.
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Point Motion of
a Component – View 1
PointComponentA.avi
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Point Motion of
a Component – View 2
PointComponentB.avi
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Angular
Momentum Vector (of Component 1)
AngMomentumVect.avi
This animation follows the position of the angular momentum vector as two
current loops are rotated about an axis to generate the first component.
The vector is not actually time-dynamic.
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The Orbitsphere
Current-Vector Field
Orbitsphere_CVF.avi
Complete coverage of the sphere is evident when both components are
combined.
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Point Motion of
the Orbitsphere Current-Vector Field
PointOrbitsphere.avi
The motion of current on the surface of the orbitsphere current-vector
field.
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Component
Wobble to Generate Uniform Surface
Component_Wobble.avi
Each component is then convolved about another axis to generate a uniform
distribution.
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Component
Convolution to Generate Uniform Function
ComponentConvolution.avi
Formation of the uniform distribution from a component.
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The Uniform
Current Pattern of the Orbitsphere
Uniform_Orbitsphere.avi
A rotating viewpoint of the current pattern formed by convolving a
component about an axis. Shown in discrete increments for visibility.
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VISUALIZING
FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLES
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The Free
Electron
FreeElectronSpin.avi
The free electron is a disk of moving charge in the plane perpendicular
to its angular momentum axis. The angular velocity of each point is
constant on the disk; however the charge and current magnitude drop off
to zero at the edge of the disk radius.
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The Precession
of the Free Electron in a Magnetic Field
FreeElectronWobble.avi
The anglular momentum vector of the electron is shown in black.
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Convolution of
the Free Electron in a Magnetic Field
FreeElectronConvolution.avi
Time-averaged, the quickly wobbling free electron in a magnetic field
forms a pattern identical to a “component” for each radius. The spin-flip
transition forms the uniform pattern for each radius.
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The Linearly
Polarized Photon Orbitsphere
Linear_Photon.avi
The electric and magnetic field lines of a single photon.
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Right-Handed
Circularly Polarized Photon
SinglePhotonHelix.avi
A surface rendering of the electric field lines of a right-handed
circularly polarized photon-e&mvf as seen along the axis of
propagation as it passes a fixed point in the lab frame.
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Classical
Electron Diffraction
DoubleSlit.avi
Simulation of the double-slit experiment with electrons. As the electron
passes through the slits, it absorbs and emits photons, interacting with
both slits. The photon far field pattern of the two-slit shape is
imprinted on the electron beam pattern.
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VISUALIZING
COSMOLOGY
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Expansion of
Spacetime as Matter is Converted into Energy in a Star
Spacetime.avi
The conversion of matter into energy causes spacetime, and thus the
universe, to expand. Light has inertial but no gravitational mass. This
reproduces all the results of general relativity, and in addition the
acceleration of the expansion of the presently observed universe was
predicted (1995) and has been recently confirmed experimentally.
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Expansion and
Contraction of the Universe
Universe.avi
External view of the evolution of the cosmose as a function of time,
showing the expansion and contraction cycle. Expansion is due to the
conversion of matter into energy and contraction is due to the reverse.
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