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Applications Development |
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BlackLight Power Process BlackLight Power, Inc. has
created a commercially competitive, nonpolluting new primary
source of energy. Atomic hydrogen ordinarily has a stable electronic
state that is much higher in energy than allowed by thermodynamic
laws. From the solved physical structure of electrons in atoms,
a process to release the latent energy of the hydrogen atom
was invented. In BlackLight's patented process, atomic hydrogen
is reacted with a catalyst, and energy is released as the electrons
of atomic hydrogen are induced by the catalyst to undergo transitions
to lower energy levels to form lower-energy hydrogen atoms called
hydrinos. Since hydrinos have energy levels much lower than
uncatalyzed hydrogen atoms, the energy release is intermediate
between conventional chemical and nuclear energies. The net
energy released may be over one hundred times that of combustion
with power densities like those of fossil fuel combustion and
nuclear power plants. Thus, the catalysis of atomic hydrogen,
the BlackLight Process, represents a potential new source of
energy. The hydrogen fuel is obtained by diverting a fraction
of the output energy of the process to power the electrolysis
of water into its elemental constituents. With water as the
fuel, the operational cost of BlackLight Power generators will
be very inexpensive. Moreover, rather than air pollutants or
radioactive waste, novel hydrogen compounds with potential commercial
applications are the by-products. The BlackLight Process offers
a prospectively efficient, clean, cheap, and versatile thermal
energy source. The BlackLight Process is
a new primary energy source that has unique competitive advantages
in all energy markets: electricity, heat, cogeneration (electricity
production with waste heat recovery and utilization), and motive
power. BlackLight Power has recently achieved a breakthrough
in power generation by the invention of a solid fuel that uses
conventional chemical reactions to generate the catalyst and
atomic hydrogen at high reactant densities that in turn controllably
achieves very high power densities. The energy gain is well
above that required to regenerate the solid fuel, and experimental
evidence confirms the theoretical energy balance per weight
of the hydrogen consumed of 1000 times that of the most energetic
fuel known. Consequently, the mass balance and cost per unit
energy is projected to be much lower than that of burning fossil
fuels. Plant designs utilize continuous regeneration of the
solid fuel mixture using known industrial processes, and the
only consumable, hydrogen, is obtained ultimately from water
due to the enormous net energy release relative to combustion. With simple systems, commercial levels of power can be generated at typical power-plant operating temperatures and at higher power densities. The power was also found to be linearly scalable. BlackLight's commercial development of the energy technologies will focus on optimization of the BlackLight Process, energy device optimization, staged scale-up of power devices, and build-out of power plants. BlackLight expects scale-up engineering activity to take place in parallel with process optimization and device optimization, and intends to significantly increase the number of engineers and scientists dedicated to commercial development. One of the activities of our engineers will be interfacing with the thousands of engineers at design, architecture, and engineering firms around the world, contracted to perform certain aspects of the development work. Based on empirical data and experience, BlackLight believes it is reasonable to scale in factors of ten to one hundred. Then, BlackLight intends to rely on existing technologies to convert thermal power to electric power. As BlackLight devices generate surface heat at grades comparable to existing commercial fire boxes in natural gas and coal-fired plants, existing heat-to-electric technologies such as gas turbine, micro-turbine and Sterling engines can be melded with BlackLight power cells to generate electricity, as well as space and process heat. BlackLight intends to incrementally
pursue commercial development of power plants of all useful
scales. This will be done through a combination of internal
engineering and development, external consultants and outsourcing,
licensed joint ventures and acquisition of engineering and design
companies. BlackLight intends to own an interest in power production
businesses at the distributed and central power station scale
(see Licensing Strategy).
BlackLight anticipates contracting for turnkey plants to be
built and operated by architect and engineering firms and original
equipment manufacturers. |
Introduction
to BLP Technical
Presentation Business
Presentation Technical
Papers BlackLight
Process Theory
Resources
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Chemical
Technologies |
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The lower-energy atomic hydrogen product of the BlackLight Process reacts with an electron to form a hydride ion, which further reacts with elements other than hydrogen to form novel proprietary compounds called hydrino hydride compounds (HHCs). BlackLight is developing the vast class of proprietary chemical compounds formed via the BlackLight Process. Test results indicate that the properties of HHCs are rich in diversity due to their extraordinary binding energy (i.e., the energy required to remove an electron which determines the chemical reactivity and properties). Hydrino hydride ions have the potential to be as useful as carbon as a base “element.” Carbon is a base element for many useful compounds ranging from diamonds, to synthetic fibers, to liquid gasoline, to pharmaceuticals. The novel compositions of matter and associated technologies could have far-reaching applications in many industries including the chemical, lighting, computer, energetic materials, battery, propellant, surface coatings, electronics, telecommunications, aerospace, and automotive industries. BlackLight is researching and developing the following: Hydrino-terminated Silicon for Microelectronics Applications BlackLight has synthesized amorphous silicon hydride films containing hydrino that is more stable to air. Ordinary amorphous silicon hydride films are the active component of important semiconductor devices such as photovoltaics, optoelectronics, liquid crystal displays, and field-effect transistors. The published results of highly stable amorphous silicon hydride coating may advance the production of integrated circuits and microdevices by resisting the oxygen passivation of the surface. In addition, an increase in device performance and versatility is anticipated by altering the dielectric constant and band gap. Polycrystalline crystal diamond films and novel hydrogenated diamond-like carbon (HDLC) surface coatings terminated with hydrino hydride ions were synthesized using the BlackLight Process at lower combined temperature and power requirements and at a higher rate compared to conventional techniques. BlackLight believes its novel method involving generation of highly energetic species in the plasma from the BlackLight Process is a revolutionary departure from the limiting process used currently. Diamond and HDLC films have many applications such as cutting tools, thermal management of integrated circuits, optical windows, high temperature electronics, surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters, field emission displays, electrochemical sensors, composite reinforcement, microchemical devices and sensors, and particle detectors. |
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Hydride Compounds |
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A battery based on the high
stability of a class of the negatively charged hydrino hydride
ions may have an unprecedented high voltage with the advantages
of much greater power and energy density. BlackLight has analytical
data identifying extremely stable negative ions, the hydrino
hydride ions, which can stabilize positively charged ions in
highly charged states. The extraordinarily stable hydrino hydride
ions may balance the charge of the positive ions without reacting
with them and function as an electrochemical compound of an
advanced battery. At least a 10-fold increase in performance
relative to current batter technologies may eventually be possible
using BlackLight Chemicals. BlackLight’s experimental results provide strong support that special formulations of hydrino hydride ions may react to form the corresponding observed much more stable hydrogen molecule called the dihydrino molecule. The more stable the molecule, the more energy given off in its formation. Based on the measured energy difference between the resultant molecule and the starting reactant hydride ion, the energy release may be more than ten-times that of conventional energetic materials. A hydrino hydride-based propellant with the energy release per weight of many factors that of the hydrogen-combustion reaction currently used to propel the space shuttle may be transformational especially given the logarithmic dependence on fuel-weight to lift in the rocketry equation. |
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In an embodiment, the power from the BlackLight Process forms a plasma (a hot, glowing, ionized gas) that represents a primary light source as well as a primary energy source in the form of heat. Systems have been developed that harness the power primarily as light. Prototype lighting devices comprising a cell similar to a conventional light bulb but containing a catalyst of the BlackLight Process as well as a source of atomic hydrogen have produced thousands of times more light for input power using 1% the voltage compared to standard light sources. Projected into a product, these results indicate the possibility of a light that could deliver the power of conventional fluorescent and incandescent lighting, but operate off of a flashlight battery for a year without an electrical connection. The lower-energy molecular hydrogen
(designated dihydrino) having experimentally-confirmed vibration
and rotational energy levels that are at extraordinarily higher
energy levels than known molecules may be exploited as a revolutionary
laser medium. Gas lasers such as the carbon dioxide laser are
extraordinarily efficient and powerful; thus, they are ubiquitous
in industry. Essentially any simple molecule like carbon dioxide
and hydrogen can be made to emit laser light based on the fact
that each vibrates and rotates at many discrete frequencies. The
molecule can be pumped (or energetically excited) to a high vibration-rotational
level and emit laser light by cascading to an intermediate level
not ordinarily populated at the operating temperature of the gas
where the laser transition may be selected based on the laser
cavity design. A laser may be realized using cavities and mirrors
that are appropriate for the desired wavelength similar to those
of current lasers based on molecular vibration-rotational levels
such as the CO2 laser. However, an advantage exists to produce
laser light at much shorter wavelengths such as ultraviolet (UV)
and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths. Such lasers have a
significant application in photolithography, the technique for
manufacturing microelectronics semiconductor devices such as processors
and memory chips. The density of integrated circuits can be increased
by a least a factor of 10 with an EUV laser which would be transformational
in a trillion dollar annual hardware market. Only a free electron
laser (FEL) appears suitable as a light source for the Next Generation
Lithography (NGL) based on EUV lithography. The opportunity may
exist with BlackLight Technology to replace a FEL that occupies
the size of a large building with a table-top laser comprising
a laser tube containing dihydrino gas that is excited by a standard
electron beam. Many other wavelengths from the infrared to soft
X-rays are possible based on the selected electronic-energy state
of the dihydrino gas of the laser medium. A soft X-ray laser has
been long sought for missile defense systems. BlackLight believes that it has demonstrated that the BlackLight Process maintained in its plasma cell may cause population inversion of the ordinary atomic hydrogen lines in the plasma cell. This further confirms that the catalytic reaction releases enormous amounts of energy to cause steady-state inversion in a plasma which was not previously possible. This breakthrough of inversion is projected to be the basis of a hydrogen laser having a wide range of commercially important wavelengths that are ideal for many communications and microelectronics applications such as displays, optical sensors, laser printers and scanners, fiber optical communications, medical devices, and higher density compact disk (CD) players. A key distinguishing possibility is the realization of a blue laser since blue wavelengths can see submarines and mines from space, and permit light-of-sight and undersea telecommunications as well as many other applications. A blue laser is also possible using dihydrino as the medium, which may also be pumped by application of power such as electron-beam power. |
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BlackLight Power, Inc.'s wholly
owned subsidiary,
Millsian, Inc.,
is dedicated to developing computational chemical design technology
based on The Grand Unified Theory of Classical Physics (GUT-CP),
a revolutionary approach of using classical physical laws to solve
the structure of electrons in atoms, and molecules, and all forms
of matter. For the first time in history, the key building blocks
of organic chemistry called functional groups shown in Table
1 were solved. Now, the true physical structure and parameters
of an infinite number of organic molecules up to infinite length
and complexity can be obtained to permit the engineering of new
pharmaceuticals and materials at the molecular level. The results
obtained essentially instantaneously match the experimental values
typically to the limit of measurement. |
Millsian is interested in collaborating with academics and private industry to develop applications extending the current program. Contact Millsian for more details. |
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